1) To find out your present working directory:
pwd
2) To change the directory:
cd
Here,
cd: used to navigate into a specified directory on a server.
Example: cd /home (moves to the home folder)
3) To the same directory
cd.
Using this command you will remain in the same directory you were.
4) To move up from one directory
cd ..
Above command will navigate two steps back from the current directory
5) Go to the previous directory
cd –
Above command will navigate to the previous directory.
6) Go to the Home folder
cd ~
Above command will navigate to the home directory on your server.
7) Go to root
cd /
Above command will navigate to root.
How to List Directories and Contents
8) List files
ls
usage: ls [option] [file]
Using the ls command in a folder will display all its content.
Example: ls /home.
Will return all content of the folder /home.
9) Show me all files in a directory
ls -a
10) Show contents with file size
ls -h
11) How to see sub-directories recursively
ls -r
The ls -r command is used to see sub-directories recursively.
12) How to see files by file size
ls -is
13) List all folders in the directory with details
ls -alh
How to Copy files/folders with Putty Commands
14) Copying a file
cp
To copy a file just use the cp ssh command.
Example:
cp filename.php /home/filename.php
15) Copy a folder with all files
cp -r
This one is used to copy the entire folder with all it’s contents.
16) Copy and rename
cp filename.php /home/filename2.php
How to Move files to different locations
17) Moving a file
mv
Example: mv page.php /home/page.php
18) Move and rename
mv page.php /home/newpage.php
19) Move file up one directory
mv filename ..
example: mv index.html/ ..
How to Create files/folders using Putty Commands
20) Create a folder
mkdir
example: mkdir new-folder
21) Create a file
touch
Use the touch command to create different files and file extensions
Example: touch index.php
How to Compress/Uncompress files?
22) Compressing folders
zip -r foldername.zip foldername
Example: zip -r newfolder.zip newfolder
23) uncompressing folders
unzip
Example: unzip newfolder.zip
24) Compressing folders using tar -czvf
tar -czvf foldername.tar.gz foldername
Example: tar -czvf wp-content.tar.gz wp-content
25) uncompressing folders using tar -czvf
tar -xvf foldername.tar.gz
Example: tar -xvf wp-content.tar.gz
How to Delete/Remove files?
26) Delete a file
rm
To delete a file on your server just use the rm command.
Example: rm index.php
27) Delete all files from a directory
rm *
This command is used to delete all contents from a directory.
Example: rm * folder name
28) Delete a folder/directory
rmdir
Use this command to remove directories.
How to change File permissions?
29) Change file permissions
chmod
Example: chmod 775 newfolder
30) Change permissions of folder and all files inside
chmod 755 folder name -R
